Distributed forwarding and control planes for higher performance
Modularized system components in both hardware and software, isolating failure and faults to subsystem and component
Support for near zero packet loss on switchover
Built-in redundancy in hardware components such as the route switch processor (RSP), switch fabric, control plane chassis control bus, and power supplies, thereby avoiding a single point of failure
Hardware based Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) processing and control that provide transport SLA detection times